Criminal Law Reform: Indonesia Leaves Colonial Legacy

On January 2, 2026, Indonesia officially implemented a new National Penal Code (KUHP) and Code of Criminal Procedure (KUHAP). These changes replace the century-old colonial legal system, marking a new era of law enforcement that is more humane and just. Coordinator for Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Penitentiary Affairs Yusril Ihza Mahendra called this event historic. Jurisprudence is now focused not only on punishment but also on restoring justice between society and the offender. The national penal code will emphasize alternative punishments, such as community service and mediation, and will consider local traditions and culture. This facilitates a fairer distribution of justice and reduces pressure on penal institutions, with a focus on protecting human rights. The new Code of Criminal Procedure, in turn, will enhance transparency and accountability at all stages of the criminal process.